Le ha melao le litaelo tsa veine tsa Bordeaux li ka 'na tsa bonahala eka ke websaete e tšosang ea lithibelo tse tlatlapuoang le liphetoho tse tsoelang pele, ha ho hlokahale hore e be setsebi sa karo ea AOC ho tseba le ho thabela veine e ketekoang sebakeng seo. Le hoja u tseba haholoanyane ka hore na lifate li arotsoe joang, ho na le menyetla e mengata ea ho fumana veine e lumellanang le likhetho tsa hau le mokhoa oa lipalesa, hammoho le litlhoko tsa moralo.
Bordeaux Wine Rules
Ka kakaretso, melao ea veine ea libaka tsa Bordeaux e laola hore na ke mefuta efe ea morara e ka hōlileng moo le joang (ha ho nosetso, lifate tsohle tsa AOC li omme) le ho noa joala hofe (14% ke max). Haeba motho a sa batle ho bapala ka melao ea veine e khethiloeng, ba ke ke ba thabela menyetla eohle le litokelo tse tsamaeang le mabitso a AOC 'me ba tlameha ho kenngoa boemong bo bonolo ba "veine ea tafole."
Ka mohlala, Chardonnay , ha e tsejoa, e hōlile ebile e hlompheha Burgundy ha e lumelloe libakeng tsa AOC tsa Bordeaux. Haeba motho a e-na le takatso e itseng ea morara oa Chardonnay 'me a lakatsa ho le leka Bordeaux, ka mekhoa eohle. Leha ho le joalo, e tla fuoa feela litlhaloso tsa lebitso la "veine ea veine", ho sa tsotellehe boleng, ho tsitsisa, kapa matšoao a mang. Haeba e le matšeliso leha e le efe, Fora e boetse e matlafatsa melao ea AOC ka litapole, botoro le chisi, ka hona hase feela veine e lokelang ho utloa bohloko ka ho khomarela ka thata ho latela likarolo tse rarahaneng.
Litlhaloso tsa Veine tsa Bordeaux: Morara le Sebaka
Veine ea Bordeaux ha e ngotsoe ebile e rekisoa ke varietal empa e le ka terroir. Ho ea Bordelais ho tseba hore na morara o hōlile ho bohlokoa ho feta ho tseba hore na morara o hōlile. Taba ka ntlha, mantsoe a "bankeng e setseng" le "banking e nepahetseng" a sebelisoa ka tsela e tloaelehileng ho bua ka lehlakoreng le leng la nōka, Gironde, le litlhoko tsa eona tsa Garonne le Dordogne, morara o lengoa.
'Me Merlot e le morara o mofubelu o motala ka ho fetisisa Bordeaux, o lateloa ke Cabernet Sauvignon mme o phethetsoe le Cabernet Franc, metse e melang morara e lebōpong le letona ho na le li-wine tse laoloang ke Merlot. Li-wine tse nepahetseng tsa banka li thabela tšehetso e ngata ho tloha Cab Franc, le Cabernet Sauvignon e meng e boetse e kenella ka litsela tse itseng. Pale e ka lebokoseng le letšehali e bapala molumo o fapaneng. Li-winee tsa Bordeaux tse nkiloeng ka lehlakoreng le letšehali li atisa ho ba le star Cabernet Sauvignon ha ba qala ho sebetsa le Merlot le Cab Franc ho pota mohala oa bobeli.
Le hoja e ne e tla ba ntho e monate le e bonolo ho kenya lebokose le nepahetseng joaloka "Merlot" le bankeng e letšehali e le "Cab," Bordeaux e lula e le mekhelo e kopanyang le e monate haholo libaneng tseo tse peli. E le ho ekelletsa tšabong eo, li-wine tsa Bordeaux li itšetlehile ka tsamaiso e thata ea lihlopha. Qalong e neng e reretsoe ho etsa qeto ea Bordeaux e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea 1855 International Exposition Paris, Napoleon III e ile ea botsa barekisi hore ba khethe li-wine tse phahameng tsa Medoc ho li bontša ka ntle. Li-wine tsena li ne li arotsoe ka boleng le theko e tsoang li-chateaus tse 61 (60 ho tloha Medoc, le Chateau Haut-Brion e tsoang Graves) 'me kajeno mekhahlelo e sa ntse e eme, empa e na le mekhoa e mengata ea likarolo tse tsamaisoang ke libaka.
Ho potoloha mokhoa oa ho khetholla veine oa Bordeaux
Lebitso la veine le khahlehang la Bordeaux le ile la nka motso o moholo ka Kakaretso ea 1855 'me e fihlile pele ho thabela mekhoa e ikhethang ea mehleng ea kajeno e itšetlehile ka mekhoa ea ho fumana mefuta ea phetoho e fetohileng ka linako le mobu o fetileng nako. Sebaka sa Bordeaux se hahiloe lebitsong le tummeng la Margaux, Latour, Lafite-Rothschild, Haut-Brion le Mouton-Rothschild, li-wine tse phahameng tse holimo, tse bitsoang First Growths li bolokile liranta tse ngata, boitsebiso bo latelang ka lilemo tse mashome. Leha ho le joalo, Lintlhoko tsena tsa pele li emela karoloana e nyane feela ea veine e hlahisoang le e tsoang Bordeaux. Le hoja Premium Growth e tummeng e rekisa ka $ 1000 + ka leboteng la botlolo, bongata ba linyehelo tsa veine tsa Bordeaux li rekisoa haholo, ka $ 10-30 mohato, ka likhetho tse theko e tlaase lefatšeng ka bophara.
Lifate tsena tse theko e tlaase haholo tsa Bordeaux hangata li bitsoa "petit chateau."
Khetho ea 1855
Sebaka sena se totobatsa li-chateaus tse supileng tse 61 Medoc (lebōpo le letšehali) la Bordeaux hape e bitsoa Grand Cru Classé. Ho khetholla ha 1855 ho qala ka Leholo la Pele, le ngotsoeng "Moholo oa Lekhotla," 'me le emela crème de la crème ka li-wine tse khubelu tsa French. Li-chateaus tse hlano tse entsoeng ke Premier Premier, li ntse li hlomphuoa joaloka baetsi ba tse ntle ka ho fetisisa tsa Bordeaux, tse kenyelletsoeng ka 1855 bakeng sa Pontšo ea Paris Universal. Ho na le mekhahlelo e mehlano ea pele ea ho hōla 'me e kenyeletsa libaka tsa Chateau Margaux, Chateau Latour, Chateau Lafite-Rothschild, Chateau Haut-Brion le Chateau Mouton-Rothschild morao tjena (1973).
Sekhetho sa Medoc sa 1855 se kenyelelitse maemo a holimo ho a mahlano a pele a pele (Growing Premier), tse latelang tse 14 tse khetholloang e le Likhulo tsa Bobeli (Deuxiemes Crus), tse lateloang ke Likhohlano Tse Tharo (Troisiemes Crus) tse nang le li-chateaus tse ling tse 14 tse boima, Lihlahisoa tsa Bone (Li-Quatriemes Crus) li tšoara li-chateaus tse 10 'me qetellong e le Fifth Growths (Cinquemes Crus) e nang le libaka tse 18 tse etsang hore li khaole. Li-AOC tsa Medoc tsa Pauillac, Margaux, Pessac-Leognan, St. Julien, St. Estephe le Haut-Medoc kaofela li emeloa ke li-chateaus tsena tsa Grand Cru.
Phapanyetsano ea Mabitla
Tsamaiso ena ea lihlopha tsa veine e qalile ka 1953, e ntlafalitsoeng ka 1959, le li-spotlights tse 16 bakeng sa li-wine tsa bona tse amohelehang le tse hlollang.
Classification ea Saint-Emilion
Sehlopha sa Saint-Emilion se akaretsa likarolo tse peli tsa AOC, tse ling tsa Saint-Emilion le tse ling tsa Saint-Emilion Grand Cru (e 'nileng ea aroloa ho ea ho Grand Cru Classe le Mookameli oa Grand Cru Classé). Likarolo tsena li qalile ka bo-1950 'me li-chateaus li hlahlojoa lilemong tse leshome.
Khakanyo ea Cru Bourgeois
Le hoja mekhoa ea lihlopha tsa veine ea Bordeaux e ka ba e rarahaneng ka lekhetlo la pele, e qala ho hlahisa boemo bo bong bo hloekileng ka karolelano ea Cru Bourgeois, karolelano e le 'ngoe.
Sehlopha sena se nka li-reds tse ngata tsa Left Bank tse sa kang tsa e etsa ka Khakanyo ea 1855 ea Grand Cru Classés, e hlalosang libaka tse nang le tlaleho e tiileng ea tlhahiso ea boleng.
Mabitso a khethehileng a Bordeaux
Tsena ke li-uncdssified Bordeaux reds tse tsoang ho khethollo e khethehileng. Lethathamong lena, u tla bona litlotla li khethoa e le "Medoc," "Cotes de Blaye" kapa "Fronsac." Li-wine tsena hangata ke bet e ntle bakeng sa Bordeaux e tiileng, ea bohlokoa.
Liqhomane tsa Veine Tse khethiloeng e le "Bordeaux" le "Phahameng ea Bordeaux"
Bordeaux le Bordeaux Superior ke li-wine tse tloaelehileng tsa Bordeaux 'me li etsa karolo ea 50% ea veine e tsoang sebakeng seo. Li-wine tsena li ka tsoa morara ho tsoa libakeng tsohle tsa sebaka seo 'me hangata li rekisa boleng ba veine ea boleng,' me Bordeaux Superior e theko e phahameng ka lebaka la morara o nkiloeng ho batho ba hōlileng, lifate tsa morara tse hōlileng tsebong. Lethathamo la labelate le tla bala feela, "Lebitso la Bordeaux Controlee." Mohlomong mohlala o tummeng ka ho fetisisa ke Mouton Cadet, Bordeaux e natefisang haholo e atisang ho rekisa ho pota $ 8 botlolo.
Setereke sa Pomerol
Joaloka moea o hloekileng, setereke sa Bordeaux sa Pomerol se qoba mokhoa o rarahaneng oa lihlopha. Liale tsa veine li tla bontša feela "Appellation Pomerol Controlée." Merlot e sebeletsa e le sebaka se ka sehloohong sa morara oa merara, ho hlahisa veine e nang le li-tannins tse seng kae, litholoana tse ling tse tsoelang pele le ho ithabisa pele ho li-cousin tsa Cab. Pomerol ke sebaka se senyenyane ka ho fetisisa se hōlang sa veine sa Bordeaux, se nang le libotlolo tse fetang limilione tse hlano. Sebaka se tummeng ka ho fetisisa sa Pomerol ke Chateau Petrus, moetsi ea khabisitsoeng oa e 'ngoe ea li-wine tse khubelu ka ho fetisisa tsa Bordeaux.
Tlhaloso ea Bohlokoa ho Mefuta ea Veine ea Bordeaux
Ha ho ntse ho tsamaisoa tsamaiso ea lihlopha tsa veine ea Bordeaux hase ea pelo e fokolang, ho fumana kutloisiso ea motheo ea hore na Bordelais e hlakola joang ka lifate ka turf ea bona e ka thusa ho beha litekanyetso le ho reka ho lebella litebello. Hopola hore ho phahamisa lihlahisoa ho emela karolo ea 3 lekholong ea 'maraka oa veine oa Bordeaux, e leng ho ama setšoantšo sa Bordeaux ka litsela tse matla, empa ha ho joalo e le pontšo ea sebele ea tafole e monate e tloaelehileng ea veine ea Bordeaux eo Bordelais ka boeona e li jang letsatsi le leng le le leng. Lihlopha tsa veine ke karolo e 'ngoe feela ea papali, ha ba mosebetsi oa bohlokoa ho tseba le ho thabela Bordeaux vines .