India pale (IPA) ke lekhetlo le leholo le holimo le leholo le neng le qhibilihisoa ka ho fetisisa hore e be le phahameng ka ho fetisisa ho lino tse tahang 'me le sebelise litšobotsi tse bolokehileng tsa litebello tsa ho boloka likhahla tse tsamaisoang le likepe tsa bahoebi ka tsela ea khoebo e tsoang Engelane ho ea India. India pale e fetohile biri ea libaka tsa lipalesa tsa mefuta ea mehleng ea mehleng ea kajeno, 'me joaloka lihlahisoa tse ngata e ne e le qalong ea ho qaptjoa ho hlokahalang.
Histori
Bohareng ba lilemo tse 1700, India pale e ne e le mokhoa o tloaelehileng har'a barekisi ba Manyesemane ba India, empa histori ea IPA e thata ho e latela ka lebaka la hore ha ho motho ea neng a bonahala a bua ka eona ho fihlela e ngotsoeng khale ka ho fetisisa phatlalatso ea Australia ea 1829 e rekisa: "Rum, brandy, le geneva e tlama; Taylor pale le East India pale ale."
Ka 1600, Khampani ea East India e ile ea amohela Royal Charter e tsoang ho Mofumahali Elizabeth I ho bula litsela tsa khoebo le India bakeng sa k'hothone, letsoai, silika har'a lintho tse ling. Le bakeng sa bahoebi ba East India Company, ho ne ho se na letho leo ba ka le etsang India ha ba ne ba sa reke le ho rekisa thepa. Lijo tsa Europe tse kang ale le veine li ne li theko e boima, li haella ebile li ne li le thata ho li tsamaisa. Brewers ba ile ba qala ho leka mekhoa ea ho noa joala, ba tseba hore litente tse phahameng li tla hlahisa lithethefatsi tse ngata tse ka thusang nako e telele ho noa joala hammoho le litebello tse ngata tse ka sireletsang.
E mong oa batho ba pele ba neng ba re ke baemeli le ba tsoang linaheng tse ling ba nang le joala bo phahameng haholo le ba phahameng ba ale ke George Hodgson oa Bow Brewery. Ha mahlaseli a qala ho fumana karolo ea 'maraka ho tloha mekhoeng e lefifi e kang li-porters tseo e neng e le mokhoa o ka sehloohong ho fihlela bohareng ba lilemo tsa bo-1600, mefuta e meng ea mefuta e kang Bass Brewery (e ntseng e le teng kajeno, e sebelisoa ke Anheuser-Busch) e ile ea qala ho hlahisa pente e ngata haholo o batla ho romela thepa.
Engelane
Senyesemane IPAs e atisa ho ba matla a tlaase (le ho theoha ka tlaase ho ABV), ho na le boemo bo matla haholo ba malt le likopi tse fokolang haholo ho feta American IPAs. Samuel Smith oa India Ale, mohlala oa Senyesemane IPA o fetotsoe ho ba 5% ABV.
Le hoja Senyesemane IPAs se ne se atile haholo ho fihlela bofelong ba lekholo la bo19 la lilemo, khatello e ntseng e eketseha ea mokhatlo oa boits'oaro o ile oa qala ho tsoa linaheng tse ling tsa Brithani tse tsoang linaheng tse ling 'me puso ea IPA likolone tsa Brithani e ile ea nkeloa sebaka ke lino tse tahiloeng, tee, gin le whisky.
Li-hop tsa East Kent Goldings le Fuggles ke mefuta e sa tloaelehang e sebelisoang ka Senyesemane IPAs 'me e fa lino biri tse futhumetseng, tse monate le tsa lefatše. Ka kakaretso likhahla tsena li sebelisoa ka nako e telele nakong ea ho belisoa ka tsela e bitsoang 'dry-hopping' e fanang ka ale ka li-haps 'monko.
United States
Ho tloha nakong ea ho tsosolosoa ha biri ea matsoho lilemong tsa bo-1970, li-brewers le liunivesithing tsa Amerika li hlahisitse mekhoa e ikhethang ea likopi tse fanang ka tšobotsi e ngata, e nang le litšila ho li-IPAs tsa Amerika ho fapana le Senyesemane IPAs. Mefuta e sa tšoaneng e kang Cascade, Amarillo, Simcoe le tse ling tse hōlileng United States li atisa ho sebelisoa nakong ea ho belisoa 'me li hlahisa lintlha tsa phaene le limela tsa citrus. Li-IPA tsena li atisa ho ba joala haholo ho ba 7% ba ABV.
Mehlala ea li-IPA tsa Amerika ke Racer 5's IPA (CA), Lagunitas IPA (CA), Dogfish Head 60, 90 le 120 Minute IPAs (DE), Founders Centennial IPA (MI) le Russian Blind Pig IPA (CA).
Mechine ea Maamerika ea IPAs e boetse e susumelitse lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa tsa biri libakeng tsa Europe moo brewmasters Italy le Belgium ba sebelisaneng le mefuta e meng ea libaka tsa Amerika ho hlahisa mekhoa e ikhethang.